| Workflow Orchestration | Provides portable, code-defined pipelines that run on any orchestrator (Airflow, Kubeflow, local, etc.) via composable stacks | Offers Domino Flows (built on Flyte) with DAG orchestration, lineage tracking, and a platform monitoring UI |
| Integration Flexibility | Designed to integrate with any ML tool — swap orchestrators, trackers, artifact stores, and deployers without changing pipeline code | Broad enterprise integrations (Snowflake, Spark, MLflow, SageMaker), but consumed through Domino's platform abstraction |
| Vendor Lock-In | Open-source and vendor-neutral — pipelines are pure Python code portable across any infrastructure | Proprietary platform with moderate lock-in; uses Flyte and MLflow internally but ties workflows to Domino's control plane |
| Setup Complexity | Pip-installable, start locally with minimal infrastructure — scale by connecting to cloud compute when ready | Enterprise deployment spectrum from SaaS to on-prem/hybrid, requiring Platform Operator and Kubernetes infrastructure |
| Learning Curve | Familiar Python-based pipeline definitions with simple decorators; fewer platform concepts to learn | Cohesive UI lowers barrier for data scientists, but many platform concepts (Projects, Workspaces, Jobs, Flows, Governance) |
| Scalability | Scales via underlying orchestrator and infrastructure — leverage Kubernetes, cloud services, or distributed compute | Enterprise-grade scaling with hardware tiers, distributed clusters (Spark/Ray/Dask), and multi-region data planes |
| Cost Model | Open-source core is free — pay only for infrastructure. Optional managed service for enterprise features | Enterprise subscription pricing geared toward large organizations, with deployment options ranging from SaaS to on-prem |
| Collaborative Development | Collaboration through code sharing, version control, and the ZenML dashboard for pipeline visibility | Strong collaboration with shared Projects, interactive Workspaces, project templates, and model cards |
| ML Framework Support | Framework-agnostic — use any Python ML library in pipeline steps with automatic artifact serialization | Containerized environments support any framework; validated for scikit-learn, PyTorch, Spark, Ray, and more |
| Model Monitoring & Drift Detection | Integrates with monitoring tools like Evidently and Great Expectations as pipeline steps for customizable drift detection | Built-in monitoring with statistical tests (KL divergence, PSI, Chi-square), scheduled checks, and alerting |
| Governance & Access Control | Pipeline-level lineage, artifact tracking, RBAC, and model control plane for audit trails and approval workflows | Enterprise-grade governance with policy management, automated evidence collection, unified audit trail, and compliance certifications |
| Experiment Tracking | Integrates with any experiment tracker (MLflow, W&B, etc.) as part of your composable stack | MLflow-backed experiment tracking with autologging and manual logging, integrated into the platform UI |
| Reproducibility | Auto-versioned code, data, and artifacts for every pipeline run — portable reproducibility across any infrastructure | Strong reproducibility via environment snapshots, Flows lineage/versioning, and Git-based projects |
| Auto Retraining Triggers | Supports scheduled pipelines and event-driven triggers that can initiate retraining based on drift detection or performance thresholds | Scheduled Jobs and Flows with API-driven triggers; requires wiring monitoring alerts to job/flow execution |
from zenml import pipeline, step, Model
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
import pandas as pd
@step
def ingest_data() -> pd.DataFrame:
return pd.read_csv("data/dataset.csv")
@step
def train_model(df: pd.DataFrame) -> RandomForestClassifier:
X, y = df.drop("target", axis=1), df["target"]
model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100)
model.fit(X, y)
return model
@step
def evaluate(model: RandomForestClassifier, df: pd.DataFrame) -> float:
X, y = df.drop("target", axis=1), df["target"]
return float(accuracy_score(y, model.predict(X)))
@step
def check_drift(df: pd.DataFrame) -> bool:
# Plug in Evidently, Great Expectations, etc.
return detect_drift(df)
@pipeline(model=Model(name="my_model"))
def ml_pipeline():
df = ingest_data()
model = train_model(df)
accuracy = evaluate(model, df)
drift = check_drift(df)
# Runs on any orchestrator (local, Airflow, Kubeflow),
# auto-versions all artifacts, and stays fully portable
# across clouds — no platform lock-in
ml_pipeline()# Domino Data Lab platform workflow
# Runs inside Domino's managed environment
import mlflow
import pandas as pd
from sklearn.ensemble import RandomForestClassifier
from sklearn.metrics import accuracy_score
# MLflow tracking is pre-configured in Domino
mlflow.autolog()
# Data loaded from Domino datasets or mounted volumes
df = pd.read_csv("/domino/datasets/local/dataset.csv")
X, y = df.drop("target", axis=1), df["target"]
with mlflow.start_run():
model = RandomForestClassifier(n_estimators=100)
model.fit(X, y)
acc = accuracy_score(y, model.predict(X))
mlflow.log_metric("accuracy", acc)
mlflow.sklearn.log_model(
model, "model",
registered_model_name="my_model"
)
print(f"Accuracy: {acc}")
# Multi-step orchestration uses Domino Flows (Flyte-based)
# defined separately. Monitoring, drift detection, and
# retraining configured through Domino's platform UI.
# Runs only within the Domino platform environment.
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